Ingredients Glossary

The A-Z of our ingredients. For dog people who need the details.

A

Apple Cider Vinegar

A whole red apple seen from above, its stem at the centre
Why we use it
Included to help support palatability and provide a natural source of organic acids used in the formula.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

B

Beef Bone Broth

A raw ribeye steak with bands of white marbling running through the red meat
Why we use it
Acts as the flavour carrier, ensuring dogs willingly consume the supplement every day.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.
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Beef Flavoring (Natural)

A thick raw beef steak, deep red with thin seams of fat
Why we use it
Added as a natural-type flavoring to improve taste acceptance and encourage consistent use in dogs.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Biotin

Three whole cream-coloured eggs grouped together
Why we use it
Supports normal keratin production for healthy skin, coat and nails while also serving as an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Boswellia Serrata

A cut disc of boswellia wood inside its rough bark, beads of golden resin on the cut face
Why we use it
Supports a healthy inflammatory response at the joint level – helping maintain joint comfort, flexibility and mobility, by blocking the enzyme responsible for creating inflammatory compounds that cause discomfort. It's a more targeted approach than general anti-inflammatory support – which is why the standardisation to 65% boswellic acids matters. You need enough of the active compound to actually hit the enzyme at a meaningful level.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

Brewer’s Yeast

A heap of pale golden brewer's yeast flakes
Why we use it
Added as a natural source of flavor and nutrients that helps improve chew acceptance.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

C

Calcium Ascorbate (Vitamin C)

A whole unpeeled orange seen from the stem end, a source of vitamin C
Why we use it
Protects joint cells from oxidative stress caused by everyday activity and physical exertion. It's also essential for collagen synthesis – collagen is the scaffolding that holds the joint together, giving cartilage its shape, strength and ability to absorb impact. Without enough Vitamin C, the body can't build or maintain it. And here's the big one – Vitamin C enhances the absorption of Glucosamine, Chondroitin and MSM, making sure every other ingredient in this chew shows up and does its job.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

Calcium Pantothenate

A plump raw chicken breast, skinless, seen from above
Why we use it
It’s a form of Vitamin B5 that helps support normal energy metabolism, skin and coat health and nervous system function.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.
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Chamomile Extract

A single chamomile flower with a yellow centre and white petals on a long stem, cut out on a transparent background
Why we use it
Supports relaxation and better sleep. Chamomile's natural compounds support relaxation and normal digestive comfort.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Chondroitin HCl

A cracked eggshell opened to show the membrane inside, the source of chondroitin
Why we use it
Supports new cartilage production and protects existing cartilage from breaking down – so the joint stays strong and structured. It's naturally occurring in a dog's joints – one of the primary components that gives it structure, resilience, and the ability to absorb the shock of every step, jump, and run.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

Citric Acid

A round slice of lemon cut across the segments, pale seeds at the centre
Why we use it
Added to help maintain pH stability and support the overall preservation of the formula.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Coconut Glycerin

A pile of chopped fresh coconut pieces, brown skin along their edges
Why we use it
It's used to help maintain moisture and softness in the chew texture.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Coconut Oil

A halved coconut seen from above, its white flesh ringed by the brown husk
Why we use it
Included to help with texture, consistency, and overall chew palatability.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Colostrum (50% IgG)

A thick smear of pale cream-coloured colostrum
Why we use it
Supports a healthy immune response through its rich concentration of compounds and proteins that strengthen the body's natural defences. Also supports gut health – containing growth factors, peptides and proteins that maintain gut tissue integrity, helping the gut and immune system communicate and work together more effectively.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

D

Dried Whey

A soft heap of pale cream dried whey powder, viewed from above
Why we use it
Added as a natural source of protein and lactose that helps improve palatability and chew texture.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

E

Eico­sa­pen­ta­enoic Acid (EPA)

Two thick raw salmon fillets, the fish source of omega-3 oil
Why we use it
Provides a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids. These essential fatty acids help support normal inflammatory responses, joint health, immune function and healthy skin and coat condition.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

F

Folic Acid (Vitamin B9)

An upright bunch of fresh spinach leaves on their stems, a natural source of folate
Why we use it
Supports normal cell growth and red blood cell production. Working alongside Vitamin B12, Folic Acid ensures red blood cells are the right size and shape to carry oxygen efficiently.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Fruc­to­oligo­sac­cha­rides (FOS)

A bundle of pale asparagus spears tied together with raffia
Why we use it
FOS is a prebiotic fiber that feeds the good bacteria in the gut. The bacteria ferment it – and in doing so, create a more balanced gut environment. Paired with the probiotics in this formula, FOS works alongside the probiotics in this formula as a synbiotic – a combined probiotic and prebiotic approach.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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G

GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)

A small heap of pale golden grains representing GABA, cut out on a transparent background
Why we use it
Helps balance neurotransmitter activity during stressful situations by acting as the nervous system's natural 'off' switch. When the nervous system is stimulated, GABA is a naturally-occurring compound that helps support normal nervous system function and calm, balanced behavior.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Glucosamine HCl

A whole raw shrimp curled on its side, the shellfish source of glucosamine
Why we use it
Supports healthy cartilage – the natural cushioning between your dog's bones – by feeding the molecules that absorb shock, resist compression and keep joint surfaces smooth. It also supports collagen production in cartilage and contributes to hyaluronic acid synthesis – the molecule that keeps joints lubricated and moving freely.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Research studies
Clinically studied to show the efficacy of Glucosamine and Chondroitin in dogs**Source: Bhathal, A., Spryszak, M., Louizos, C., & Frankel, G. (2017). Glucosamine and chondroitin use in canines for osteoarthritis: A review. Open Veterinary Journal, 7(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v7i1.6 (opens in a new tab) D’Altilio, M., Peal, A., Alvey, M., Simms, C., Curtsinger, A., Gupta, R. C., Canerdy, T. D., Goad, J. T., Bagchi, M., & Bagchi, D. (2007). Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Undenatured Type II Collagen Singly or in Combination with Glucosamine and Chondroitin in Arthritic Dogs. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 17(4), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376510600910469 (opens in a new tab)

Green-Lipped Mussels

A green-lipped mussel shell opened into two halves, its green-edged rim facing the camera
Why we use it
Helps support overall joint health by providing glycosaminoglycans – the gel-like molecules that keep cartilage hydrated and able to absorb shock – alongside amino acids, vitamins and minerals that the joint needs as a whole. It also happens to be a natural source of Glucosamine and Chondroitin – two ingredients you'll recognise from this formula.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Research studies
Clinically studied to show the effectiveness of Green-Lipped Mussels to help with joint discomfort**Bui, L. T., & Bierer, T. L. (2003). Influence of green lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus) in alleviating signs of arthritis in dogs. 4(4), 397–407.

H

Honey

A glossy pool of golden honey, viewed from above
Why we use it
Added as a natural flavoring and binding ingredient to improve taste and texture.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Hyaluronic Acid

A clear rounded drop of gel, standing for the hyaluronic acid that lubricates joints
Why we use it
Supports joint fluid by keeping synovial fluid viscous and slippery – so it can do two jobs at once. Lubricating the joint so bones move smoothly against each other, and absorbing the shock of every step, jump and landing. As the primary molecule responsible for joint fluid quality, supplementing Hyaluronic Acid directly supports the viscosity and slipperiness of synovial fluid – targeting joint comfort at the source.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Research studies
Clinically studied to show the effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid in joint discomfort for dogs.**Source: Simón Martí-Angulo, Núria García-López, & Díaz-Ramos, A. (2014). Efficacy of an oral hyaluronate and collagen supplement as a preventive treatment of elbow dysplasia. 15(4), 569–569. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2014.15.4.569 (opens in a new tab)

I

Inulin

A pale, bulbous chicory root with two forked tips, viewed upright
Why we use it
Feeds beneficial bacteria to support gut flora balance over the long term. Inulin's longer chains mean it ferments more gradually and further along the colon than FOS – reaching areas of the large intestine that shorter-chain prebiotics can't. More coverage. More of the gut supported.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Iodine

A clump of dark green dried algae, viewed from above
Why we use it
Supports oxygen transport for normal energy production and everyday vitality. Also supports weight management, coat condition and heart rate.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Iron

Three cuts of raw marbled beef with sprigs of rosemary, a natural source of iron
Why we use it
Supports oxygen transport for normal energy production and everyday vitality.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

L

L-Taurine

Two plump raw scallops side by side
Why we use it
Helps support heart health, eye health and general wellness. Especially important for breeds genetically predisposed to taurine deficiency and dogs on grain-free diets, where the body's natural synthesis may not meet daily needs.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

L-Tryptophan

A pale pink cut of turkey breast representing L-Tryptophan, cut out on a transparent background
Why we use it
Helps support healthy serotonin production for more balanced behaviour. L-Tryptophan is the building block the body uses to support serotonin pathways – the long-term mood pathway. Consistent support means more balanced, settled behavior over time.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

M

Magnesium

A round pile of whole almonds in their brown skins, viewed from above
Why we use it
Supports muscle and immune health. Also contributes to normal calm and relaxation through the nervous system's own inhibitory pathways.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Manganese

A loose pile of fresh spinach leaves, a natural source of manganese
Why we use it
Helps support normal energy metabolism and the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Also supports antioxidant defence and normal bone and cartilage formation – contributing to skeletal health and everyday cellular protection.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Marshmallow Root

A pale marshmallow root beside its own pink-white flower
Why we use it
Coats and soothes the mucosal lining of the digestive tract – supporting normal digestive comfort and gut lining integrity. A healthy gut lining isn't just important for digestion – it's the physical foundation where beneficial bacteria live, adhere and colonize. Marshmallow Root maintains that foundation, creating the ideal home environment for every probiotic strain in this formula to thrive.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Micro­crys­tal­line Cellulose (MCC)

A soft heap of fine white microcrystalline cellulose powder, viewed from above
Why we use it
A natural flow aid derived from plant cell walls. It's what keeps the powder moving freely in the container and scooping cleanly every time. No clumping. No fuss.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.
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Mixed Tocopherols

A round pile of hulled sunflower kernels sitting in a pool of golden oil
Why we use it
A natural source of vitamin E used to help maintain freshness and stability of the oil. Vitamin E also helps support normal cellular function and overall health.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Molasses

A glossy pool of dark molasses, viewed from above
Why we use it
Included to enhance flavor and improve chew acceptance.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

MSM

An upright bunch of fresh spinach leaves on their stems, a natural source of MSM
Why we use it
Supports the connective tissue – tendons, ligaments and everything that holds the joint together. MSM naturally contains sulfur, which is essential for building collagen, glycosaminoglycans and glutathione – keeping joints structured, cushioned and protected. Because a joint that's held together is a joint that keeps moving
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

N

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

A single raw chicken breast fillet
Why we use it
Helps with energy metabolism, skin health and nervous system function. As a key precursor to NAD – one of the body's most important cellular coenzymes – Niacin supports normal DNA repair, cell signalling and overall cellular health.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

O

Omega-3 Algae Oil

A clump of dark green dried algae, viewed from above
Why we use it
Helps support healthy skin with its rich omega-3 fatty acid content to maintain skin hydration and provide the nutritional support for a healthy inflammatory response. Rich in the compound, DHA, it also supports normal cell structure and everyday functions for overall health.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

P

Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

A whole head of fresh green broccoli
Why we use it
Helps with energy metabolism, skin and coat health and nervous system function. B5 supports normal adrenal function and cortisol regulation.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Pork Liver Flavor (Spray Dried)

A raw bone-in pork chop, viewed from above
Why we use it
Used as a highly palatable flavor ingredient to encourage daily use.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Potassium Sorbate

A heap of fine white potassium sorbate crystals, viewed from above
Why we use it
Included as a preservative to help maintain freshness and extend the shelf life of the formula.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

ProbioSEB CSC3™

A swirled dollop of pale cream-coloured probiotic paste, viewed from above
Why we use it
Supports gut microbiome balance and immune health with three spore-forming probiotic strains in one clinically tested blend – ProbioSEB CSC3™. Three strains. Three jobs. SEBiotic balances the intestinal environment. SEBtilis supports gut integrity, microbial balance and normal immune function. SEBclausii supports healthy gut microflora and maintains normal digestive balance. Every strain earning its place.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Research studies
Clinically tested to improve gut health indicators and fecal microbiota in dogs (opens in a new tab)*ProbioSEB CSC3™ is a trademark of Specialty Enzymes®.
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Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

A whole ripe yellow banana
Why we use it
Supports protein and energy metabolism, the production of key neurotransmitters including serotonin and dopamine and normal immune cell function.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Q

Quercetin

A red onion sliced in half, showing its layered rings
Why we use it
Helps support a healthy histamine response by stabilising the cells that release histamine – leading to a more balanced response to immune triggers. Also helps everyday maintenance and health of cells by supporting cell membranes and tissue integrity.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

R

Relora®

A piece of magnolia bark beside a pale phellodendron seed, cut out on a transparent background
Why we use it
Helps support a normal stress response and balance emotions. A combination of two plant extracts – Magnolia Bark and Phellodendron Bark – Relora® works with the brain's own calming system to help the stress response stay proportionate. Not switched off. Just supported where it should be.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

A bunch of dark curly kale leaves on their pale green stems
Why we use it
Supports normal energy production and metabolism of nutrients. Also supports normal antioxidant activity and healthy vision.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Rosemary Extract

A round pile of dried green rosemary needles, viewed from above
Why we use it
Added to help preserve freshness and stability of the oils in the formula.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

S

Selenium

A small cluster of shelled brazil nuts
Why we use it
Provides antioxidant support for normal thyroid health. Selenium works synergistically with Vitamin E – complementing its antioxidant activity while also supporting normal thyroid hormone conversion and normal immune cell function.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Sunflower Lecithin

A small pile of whole striped sunflower seeds still in their shells, viewed from above
Why we use it
Included to help blend oil- and water-based ingredients evenly throughout the chew.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

SuperYolk™ IgY Technology

A glass pipette releasing a clear droplet with a glowing golden yolk suspended inside it
Why we use it
SuperYolk™ IgY Technology is a blend of gentle, effective ingredients to support teeth and gum health - powered by IgY Egg Powder. It helps to block the gingipain enzyme that causes plaque, tartar and bad breath. Most supplements are a breath mint dressed up as dental care. This looks at the source.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

T

Tapioca Starch

Two cassava roots with bark-like brown skin, cut to show their white flesh, the root tapioca starch comes from
Why we use it
Added to help provide structure and consistency to the chew matrix.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

A single golden ear of wheat on its stalk
Why we use it
Helps with energy metabolism, nervous system function and a healthy appetite. As a key coenzyme for glucose metabolism, Thiamine also supports brain and cardiac health.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Turkey Tail Mushroom

A dried turkey tail mushroom bracket with concentric brown and cream rings, viewed from above
Why we use it
Helps support a balanced immune system and a normal immune response by containing 20% Polysaccharides per mg. These are the active compounds that actually support immune and gut health. Also contributes to normal gut health by maintaining microbial diversity in the gut.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

U

UC-II® Collagen

A single whole light-brown hen's egg standing upright
Why we use it
Protects healthy cartilage by working smarter than regular collagen that gets broken down and used as generic protein. UC-II® Collagen stays structurally intact, reaches the gut, and essentially "trains" the immune system to stop attacking your dog's cartilage. It's a smarter, more targeted approach – and the hero of our formula.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

V

Vitamin A

A bunch of small carrots with their leafy green tops
Why we use it
Supports normal vision, healthy skin and coat, and normal growth and development – a fat-soluble vitamin that deserves to be present at the right level every single day.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
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Vitamin B12

A cluster of whole clams, one opened to show the inside of its shell
Why we use it
Supports red blood cell production, nervous system function and energy metabolism. Working alongside Folic Acid in normal DNA synthesis and homocysteine metabolism, B12 supports normal cardiovascular health and the healthy division of every rapidly dividing cell in the body.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Vitamin D3

A cracked eggshell opened to show the membrane inside
Why we use it
Helps support normal bone and muscle health. Vitamin D3 essential for normal calcium and phosphorus absorption – the two primary minerals that give bone its density and strength. Also supports normal muscle function by regulating the calcium signalling that controls normal muscle contraction and relaxation.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

Vitamin E

A round pile of pale sunflower seed kernels, viewed from above
Why we use it
Helps keep skin calm, clear and strong by protecting cells from oxidative stress caused by metabolic processes and environmental exposure. An essential nutrient that also supports normal immune function and everyday cell health.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

W

Water

A clear round pool of water seen from above, its surface gently rippled
Why we use it
Included as the base carrier for the liquid formula, helping to suspend and deliver active ingredients effectively.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Wild Alaskan Pollock Oil

A whole raw Alaskan pollock, the fish source of omega-3 oil
Why we use it
Helps support skin, coat and joint health – sourced from 100% wild-caught Alaskan Pollock and rich in the two only essential Omega-3s, EPA and DHA.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

X

Xanthan Gum

A soft heap of off-white xanthan gum powder, viewed from above
Why we use it
Used to help maintain a uniform texture and prevent separation of ingredients throughout the liquid formula.
Active or inactive
Inactive – it’s an ingredient that supports the formula.

Y

Yucca Schidigera

A yucca schidigera plant, its spiked leaves fanning out below a white flower spike
Why we use it
Provides antioxidant support and helps maintain a healthy inflammatory response. Rich in two active compounds – saponins, which support a healthy inflammatory response at the joint level, keeping it balanced so it doesn't work against the joint, and polyphenols, which protect joint tissue from oxidative stress caused by everyday activity and physical exertion. And like Vitamin C, Yucca also supports healthy digestion and nutrient absorption – helping the body make the most of every other ingredient in this formula
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.

Z

Zinc

An open oyster resting on a second shell, a natural source of zinc
Why we use it
Supports normal skin and coat health by helping maintain normal keratinocyte function – the cells responsible for skin barrier integrity, keratin production and healthy coat condition.
Active or inactive
Active – the ingredient that directly delivers the supplement's benefits.
Featured in:

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